Avaliação da cobertura da terra do Parque Recreativo Sucupira e de sua Zona de Influencia Direta

Abstract

Brazil is considered megadiverse having about 20% of world’sspecies. However,studies evidenced that the anthropic activities are the major threats for this biodiversity. In order to promote the biological diversity conservation, it was created the law 9,985/2000 that instituted the Conservation Units National System (SNUC, in Portuguese), and established the standards for the conservation units management. One of the most important demands for this management is the land cover monitoring of the conservation unit and its neighborhood for the manager decision-making. Among the alternatives for the achievement of this information, stand out the orbital sensors, that allow the systematic data generation from the earth surface. Besides that, these sensors also have the potential to obtain data from different time, which makes possible the evaluation of the anthropic occupation dynamics. In this context, this work aimed to evaluate the land cover of the Sucupira Recreative Park (SRP) and its Direct Influence Zone (DIZ) between 1996 and 2010 using multitemporal orbital data. The SRP has 124.44 hectares area and is located in the Administrative Region VI of Planaltina. Considering its boundaries, established by the Brasilia Environmental Institute (Ibram, in Portuguese), the DIZ was generated spreading 500 meters around it. The first step was the generation of the land cover map from 2010, with digital interpretation on screen based on aero photographs mosaic, provided from the Realty Company of Brasília (TERRACAP, in Portuguese). There were used Landsat 5-TM images from 1996, 1999, 2003 and 2007, that were registered on the aero photographic. Starting from the 2010 map it was carried the multitemporal analyses using the back calculation. It was used a hybrid classification system, adapted to the Cerrado region and divided in three categorical levels. The results indicated that the SRP internal area had about 50 % of planted area in 2010, which 36.58% were characterized as pasture. This class showed 18.33 % increase area during the 14-year of the evaluation period. The DIZ had an 337.16 hectares from which 42 % were covered by constructed area in 2010. In the DIZ the allotment and the pasture showed the highest variation through the studied period, with 7.26 % and 6.03 % increase, respectively. In both areas (SRP and DIZ) there were observed of reduction of disturbed vegetation, what means that the anthropic occupation in the study area has been started with the natural vegetation cover modification, especially the tree withdrawal. The approach presented in this work allowed the anthropic occupation comprehension in a Cerrado area, serving as subsidize the territorial planning, both for agro-pastoral activities, and for urban areas.