Evaluation of the state of knowledge on biological diversity in Brazil: executive summary

Abstract

As the country with the world’s greatest biological diversity, ranging from 15% to 20% of the Earth’s described species, Brazil has a deep responsibility towards the Convention on Biological Diversity, especially with respect to species conservation and sustainable use. In order to be successful on conserving and responsibly utilizing this rich patrimony, it is crucial that we understand our species and their occurrence on this vast territory. Having this in mind, our first task was to evaluate its current state. This extensive task, here presented as a summary, was made possible through a collaborative work between the Ministry of the Environment –as part of the development of the National Biological Diversity Strategy– and respectable researchers, who compiled this information scattered in institutions, museums, and scientific collections. This work compilation both identified the major gaps in Brazil’s biodiversity knowledge– related to taxon, region and biome whenever possible–, and emphasized our urgent need on being familiar with this immense legacy. The knowledge of our biodiversity is the foundation on which responsible public policies on its conservation and sustainable use can be developed. This knowledge is pressing considering the threats of the explosive and disordered populational growth, the social and economic disparities and, above all the environmental degradation –such as natural resources over exploration, invasive exotic species introduction, and habitat fragmentation and loss– on this precious diversity of species. This document represents a priceless mark on Brazilian biological diversity knowledge that the Ministry of the Environment proudly provides to the Brazilian people in general, decision-makers, researchers and institutions, non-governmental organizations, and all our partners in biodiversity conservation and sustainable use. Among our next steps and challenges are the expansion of this knowledge base and the responsible, fair and integrated management of this valuable biological diversity. I am very grateful to the specialists who put a lot of effort compiling and producing this special information as well as the others who provided information to the specialists’ compilation. I also compliment those who contributed to this summary’s production in different manners. Apresentado por Marina Silva - Minister of the Environmen.