O objetivo do presente trabalho foi comparar o desdobro convencional e programado de toras de pínus em uma serraria de pequeno porte, tendo sido utilizados modelos de corte para diferentes classes diamétricas aplicadas em um programa de computador MaxiTora, visando a otimização no desdobro de toras. Para tal, foram selecionadas 80 toras de Pinus sp. com diâmetros que variaram de 24 a 33 cm, formando quatro classes diamétricas com 20 toras por classe. Em cada classe diamétrica, as toras foram separadas em dois lotes com 10 unidades, sendo um lote submetido ao desdobro aleatório e o outro lote submetido ao desdobro programado. Para o sistema de desdobro aleatório, os rendimentos obtidos em todas as classes diamétricas variaram de 44,96% a 52,47%, com a média geral correspondendo a 49,01%. No sistema de desdobro programado, os rendimentos obtidos variaram de 49,93% a 55,25% em todas as classes diamétricas estudadas e a média geral correspondeu a 52,14%. A classificação de toras e programação de cortes permitiram aumentar o rendimento da serraria em pelo menos três pontos percentuais. A programação de desdobro de toras resultou em aumento de rendimento em todas as classes diamétricas estudadas.
The objective of this research was to compare conventional and programmed cutting of logs pine at small sawmill. The models have been used for cutting different diametrical classes. The software MaxiTora was employed aiming to optimize logs cutting. For such, 80 logs of Pinus sp had been selected with diameters that varied from 24 cm to 33 cm, gathering four diametrical classes with 20 logs each. In each diametrical class, the logs had been separated in two lots of 10 units, then the first lot was submitted to random cutting and the second lot was submitted to programmed cutting. In relation to the random cutting system, the yield obtained in all the diametrical classes varied from 44.96% to 52.47%, and the general average corresponded to 49.01%. In relation to the programmed cutting system, the yield varied from 49.93% to 55.25% in all the diametrical classes studied, and the general average corresponded to 52.14%. Grading of logs and cutting schedule allowed to increase the sawmill efficiency in at least three percentage points. A programming sawing of logs resulted in increased yield in all diameter classes studied.
